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Regulation

Selling surplus solar power to the grid in Russia: how microgeneration works

Kosmo Solar · updated Июль 2026

Since 2021 owners of small solar systems in Russia may legally sell surplus electricity. Here is how the scheme works for our Russian branch’s customers.

Residential rooftop solar system on a tile roof
A home system up to 15 kW — the typical microgeneration site

What the law says

  • applies to grid-connected generators up to 15 kW that primarily serve the owner’s own consumption;
  • surplus is sold to the guaranteed supplier — the same company you pay for electricity;
  • the volume sold may not exceed your own consumption over the billing period;
  • for private individuals the income is exempt from personal income tax, and no business registration is required.

Four steps to register

  1. Application for grid connection of a microgeneration facility;
  2. simplified technical conditions from the grid operator;
  3. a bidirectional meter (usually installed by the operator);
  4. a sale-purchase contract with the guaranteed supplier.

We handle all four steps for our customers, and the inverter must meet the grid codes — the Fox ESS P100 does.

800 kW commercial rooftop solar plant
Daytime surplus can be sold to the guaranteed supplier

What it pays

Surplus is bought at the wholesale market price — noticeably below your retail tariff. The practical conclusion:

Self-consumption is the core economics (each kilowatt-hour consumed saves the full retail tariff of 6–8 ₽); selling the surplus is a pleasant bonus that monetises summer excess. Systems are sized from consumption, not «as big as possible to sell».

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